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Chiyo-Ni 千代尼
(1703-1775) 1703 - 2 October 1775
1703年（元禄16年） - 1775年10月2日（安永4年9月8日)
Kaga no Chiyo Jo 加賀千代女
Kaga no Chiyo-Ni 加賀千代（尼）/（かがのちよ(に)
Kaga no Chiyo 加賀千代 "Chiyo from Kaga"
JO 女 means "woman", often added to the name of a haiku poetess.
NI 尼 means "nun", taken on when entering a Buddhist monastery.
KAGA is the placename, from where she came.
. . . CLICK here for Photos !
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kigo for mid-august
Chiyoni Ki 千代尼忌 Chiyoni Memorial Day
Soen Ki 素園忌（そえんき）
October 2
. Memorial Days of Famous Poeple .
One of her haikai teachers was
. Kagami Shikoo 各務支考 Kagami Shiko .
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'Chiyoni - Woman Haiku Master'
Patricia Donegan
Chiyoni was a Japanese poet of the Edo period, widely regarded as one of the greatest female haiku poets.
Born in Matto, Kaga Province (now Ishikawa Prefecture) as a daughter of a picture framer, she began writing haiku poetry aged 7. At age 12, she was introduced to the poetry of Matsuo Bashō, and by the age of 17, she had become very popular all over Japan for her poetry.
She married in 1720 into the family of Fukuoka 福岡某 in Kanazawa, but her husband died in 1722, so she returned to her own family.
Her poems, although mostly dealing with nature, work for a unity of nature with humanity. Her own life was that of the haikai poets who made their lives and the world they lived in one with themselves.
Chiyo-ni's teachers were the students of Basho, and she stayed true to his style, although she did develop on her own as an independent figure. Today, the morning glory is chosen as a recommended flower to people in Matto 松任市 （まつとうし） (now Hakusan), Ishikawa because she left a number of poems about the flower.
Temple Shoko-Ji (Shookooji 聖興寺) in Hakusan is a house displaying her personal effects.
. . . CLICK here for Photos of the temple !
She is perhaps best known for her poem "Morning Glory"
A morning glory.
Twined round the bucket:
I will ask my neighbor for water.
© More in the WIKIPEDIA !
. WASHOKU : 加賀料理
The Cuisine of Kaga (Ishikawa prefecture)
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Two ayu trout (sweetfish) 落鮎自画賛
signed CHIYO 千代女（加賀の千代尼） ちよじょ（かがのちよに）
秋、落ち鮎が産卵を終えて川を下っていく、その情景をとらえて千代女は《おそろしき》と詠んだのである。大河寥々（大河良一）氏は著書『千代尼伝』のなかで、俳人八椿舎康工の「水を家と見なしたる遊魚も零落の此日ありて観相ここに尽たり」という批評を引用し、氏はこれをしいて観相の句とは思わず、自然の詠嘆からおのずとにじみ出るものを感ずるだけであるとこの句の印象を述べている。芭蕉が晩年に提唱した「軽み」について、各務支考の述べた「耳をもて俳諧を聞くべからず、目をもて俳諧を見るべし」（俳諧十論）という「姿先情後」の説をその真意と解するなら、人生の悲哀、儚さを仮託した観相の句と読むことは、「耳をもて俳諧を聞く」ことに等しく、氏の述べるように、《おそろしき》の向こうにおのずとにじみ出た女性らしい「情」の発露を感じとることこそ、「姿先情後」の鮮やかな情景描写の句としてこの句を位置づけることができるのではないか。またそこに、俗化の一途を辿ったといわれる俳諧混迷期にあって、一人女流としての俳人千代女の輝きと価値を見いだすことができるのではないかと思う。
With more detailed photos
source : www.nagaragawagarou.com
落鮎や日に日に水のおそろしき
ochiayu ya hi ni hi ni mizu no osoroshiki
descending trout -
day by day the water
becomes more dreadful
Tr. Gabi Greve
ochi-ayu, the trout or sweetfish after spawning, when they go back downstream.
dying sweetfish -- day by day the river harsher
A sweetfish tastes good and its shape is beautiful. Especially when a young sweetfish is swimming up the river, it looks splendid. But after its spawning season at the end of autumn, the sweetfish has no energy left and just lets itself float on the river. The river becomes harsher day by day.
source : haikukan.city.hakusan.ishikawa.jp
釣竿の糸にさはるや夏の月
tsurizao no ito ni sawaru ya natsu no tsuki
it touches the line
of my fishing pole -
this summer moon
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Chiyojo was born in Matto, Kaga, or Hakusan city as it is called today, in 1703, and has been well-known for this haiku:
朝顔に 釣瓶とられて 貰い水
朝顔に釣瓶取られて貰い水
asagao ni tsurube torarete morai mizu
the morning glory
took the well-bucket away from me -
I go to the neighbour for water
or
the morning glory
beat me to it ...
I go to the neighbour to fetch water
Tr. Gabi Greve
Chiyo-Jo Haiku Museum
57-1 Tonomachi, Hakusan, Ishikawa 924-0885
Chiyo-Jo Haiku Museum : Monthly Kukai
morning glory !
the well-bucket entangled
I ask for water
(Tr. Donegan and Ishibashi)
translating : 取られて torarete ...
from the verb : torareru …
to have something stolen, to be dumbfolded …
the morning glory got the better of me
(I got up too late this morning)
the morning glory took it away from me
“ippon torareta” 一本取られた ?
to beat; to gain a point; to upset
There is no cut marker after the first line.
Does the Japanese really say "entangled" ?
THF : Discussion of the translation ...
my well bucket
taken by the morning glory—
this borrowed water
Tr. Ueda Makoto
. . . . .
朝顔は 蜘 (くも) のいとにも さきにけり
asagao wa kumo no ito ni mo saki ni keri
More ENGLISH reference
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A sweet called "Morning Glory", in memory of Chiyo-Ni, the famous poet.
A sweet for July
Morning-Glory (asagao)
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Selfportrait
福わらや塵さへ今朝のうつくしき
fukuwara ya gomi sae kesa no utsukushiki
new auspicious straw -
this morning even the dirt
looks beautiful
New Year Kigo fukuwara
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ともかくも風にまかせてかれ尾花
tomokaku mo kaze ni makasete kare-obana
anyway
leave it to the wind -
withered pampas grass
or
anyway
it is at the mercy of the wind -
withered pampas grass
Pampas grass (susuki 芒 (すすき), obana)
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the shimmering haze
above
the wet stone
(trans. Donegan)
When a friend posted this at a forum, I wondered
Has Chiyo-Ni written in a kind of "gendai" modern style,
long/short/long, without a cut marker ??
Then I got the Japanese romaji for it
(I am still trying to locate the kanji, if you know them, please let me know)
kageroo ya
hoshite wa nururu
ishi no ue
Now this is a haiku in 5 7 5, with the cut marker YA at the end of line 1.
heat shimmers . . .
now dry and now wet
above a stone / above stones / above the stone
Tr. Gabi Greve
The first line also reminds us of
Kagero Nikki 『蜻蛉日記』 『陽炎日記』（かげろうにっき)
The Gossamer Years
a classical piece of Japanese literature from the Heian period
Reference
This haiku has a lot of cultural background, from the sound of KAGEROO to the "ISHI NO UE".
WKD : Heat shimmers (kageroo)
かげろう【蜉蝣】 KAGEROO
WKD a mayfly; a day-fly; an ephemera (kageroo)
Ishi no ue san nen 石の上三年
Meditating on a stone for three years
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the moon's shadow
also pauses -
cherry blossom dawn
Tr. Patricia Donegan and Yoshi Ishibashi
Again we must ask:
Has Chiyo-Ni written a poem in the form long/short/long with a cut marker at the end of line 2 ?
月影も彳（たたず）む花の朝ぼらけ
tsukikage mo tatazumu hana no asaborake
The Japanese is 5 7 5 and there is no cut marker.
tsukikage 月影 - 月の形。月の姿。月
moonlight, the moon itself
the moon
also pauses among the (cherry) blossoms
at dawn
. . . .
There is also this version online
tsukikage mo
tatazumu ya hana no
asaborake
Now the Japanese is 5 8 5 and
the cut marker YA is in the middle of line 2.
the moon's shadow
too, pauses - cherry
blossom dawn
source : Michael Haldane
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何となき物のいさみやほととぎす
nan to naki mono no isami ya hototogisu
loneliness
lies within the listener---
a cuckoo’s call
Tr. Patricia Donegan
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lark, skylark poems
soaring skylark - - -
what do you think
of the limitless sky
Tr. Donegan
おもひおもひ下るゆふべの雲雀かな
きのふけふの雨にも下りぬ雲雀哉
てふてふは寝てもすますに雲雀哉
ほしに合ふて翌のことまで雲雀哉
何になる空見すまして雲雀かな
何ひとつ食ふた日もなし夕雲雀
何ゆへぞ口もぬらさず鳴雲雀
乾ては草に沈むやゆふひばり
見る人は余の気もあれど雲雀哉
身あがりや雲雀の籠も地に置ず
折ふしは雲のうしなふひばりかな
草むらの留守に風置雲雀哉
朝夕は草のしめりや夕ひばり
入相に落て音なきひばり哉
囀りにものの交らぬひばりかな
source : haiku/chiyojo103.html
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miagari ni hitori nezame no yosamu kana
- quote from krisl.hubpages.com
Being a Buddhist nun in those days did not mean living in a monastery or nunnery. Soen/Chiyo-ni continued her simple life of writing and friendship. Another of her friends was a fellow nun, Kasenjo, who had been a prostitute in her youth. This isn't as strange as it sounds, as Japanese culture considered prostitutes socially marginal but not shameful or sinful, so they fairly often became nuns in their later years. Maybe Chiyo-ni was thinking of things Kasenjo had told her when she wrote:
on her day off
the prostitute wakes up alone
the night's chill
One prostitute who used to live in Matto, took a rest by paying for her day off to her owner. However, when she went to sleep by herself, she felt the loneliness of the autumn night when she woke up in the middle of the night alone.
source : haikukan.city
身あがりに独ねざめの夜寒哉
miagari ni hitori nezame no yosamu kana
her body-debt paid,
she wakes up alone –
ah, the cold of night
Tr. Michael Haldane
on her free day
she wakes up alone
in a cold night . . .
The haiku is one sentence and has the kireji KANA at the end of line 3.
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名月に帰りて咄す事はなし
meigetsu ni kaerite hanasu koto wa nashi
moon-viewing --
after coming home nothing to say
source : haikukan.city.hakusan
名月や雪踏み分けて石の音
meigetsu ya yuki fumiwakete ishi no oto
this harvest moon -
as I part the snow by stepping on it
(I hear) the sound of stones
Imagine her walking outside with her wooden getas on, making a sound on the stepping stones in a garden or walk up to a temple.
yuki fumiwakete - translated by googeling like this:
I plow through heavy snow, I would make my way through snow, I would plod through snow, treading through heavy snow, I would plod through snowdrifts
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Her Death Poem, Farwell Poem (jisei 辞世（じせい）
September 8, 1775
月も見て我はこの世をかしく哉
tsuki mo mite ware wa kono yo o kashiku kana
I have even seen the moon -
now I can say good bye
to this world
Temple Shokoji 聖興寺 (Shookooji)
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. Chiyojo on facebook - with discussions .
James Karkoski and Chris Drake
踞ばふて雲を伺ふ蛙かな
Tsukubaute kumo o ukagau kawazu kana
曙のわかれはもたぬひいな哉
Akebono no wakare wa motanu Hiina kana
夕顔や女子の肌の見ゆる時
Yūgao ya Onago no hada no miyuru toki
朝顔や釣瓶とられてもらひ水
Asagao ya Tsurube torarete morai mizu
雪の夜やひとり釣瓶の落る音
Yuki no yo ya Hitori tsurube no otsuru oto
鰐口の物言かぬる寒さかな
Waniguchi no mono ii kanuru samusa kana
をしはまた独りながれか初しぐれ
Oshi wa mata hitori nagare ka hatsushigure
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. Ama 尼 Buddhist Nun .
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3/22/2007
Chiyo-Ni
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11 comments:
A selection of haiku
http://www.thegreenleaf.co.uk/hp/Women/c/Chiyo/00haiku.htm
spring rain---
all things on earth
become beautiful
waterweed
floating away, despite
the butterfly’s weight on it
a dandelion
now and then interrupting
the butterfly’s dream
moonlit night---
out on the stone
a cricket singing
loneliness
lies within the listener---
a cuckoo’s call
The passing year --
irritating things
are also flowing water.
cool clear water
and fireflies that vanish
that is all there is...
moon flowers!
when a woman’s skin
is revealed
fragrance of the orchid -
even to the grass
far away
on her day off
the prostitute wakes up alone
the night's chill
morning glory -
the truth is
the flower hates people
stars' meeting
which one
speaks first
over the flowing water
chasing its shadow -
the dragonfly
I wonder in what fields today
He chases dragonflies in play
My little boy who ran away
Chasing dragon flies
Today what place is it
he has strayed off to?
green leaves or fallen leaves
become one---
in the flowering snow
each sound of
the temple bell is different
in the wind
one must bend
in the floating world -
snow on the bamboo
staring
at my snow-white reflection
in the water
tea flowers---
their blooming
delays the dusk
offering daffodils---
my eyes can't tell
which are flowers, which is snow
leaves like bird shadows
desolate---
the winter moon
mistaking birds
for leaves--- lonely
a winters moon
on moor and mountain
nothing stirs
this morn of snow
it’s play for the cranes
flying up to the clouds
the year’s first sunrise
Hugh Bygott Cambridge England:
I was indeed privileged to visit Mattô and the Chiyo Jo Museum.
Chiyo-ni was greatly admired during her lifetime and Kihaku, Bashô’s disciple, first published a collection of her hokku, Chiyo-ni Kushu. A further volume was published during her lifetime. Even though she was frail and ill at that time, Buson asked her to write the foreword to his collection of XVII and XVIII century women poets, Tamamoshu, 1774.
I do not know of any English translation of this work nor of the modern definitive edition of her work, Kaga no chiyo zenshû. Tamamoshu included hokku by Sono-jo, Sute-jo, Shushiki-jo and Chigetsu-ni.
Fortunately there is a French text of Chiyo-ni’s poetry and
contemporary women poets with French translations of the romaji. This is Kaga no Tchiyo - Jo: Une poetesse Japonaise au XVIII siecle.
Gilberte Hla-Dorge, G.P.Maisonneuve, Paris, 1936. Of course, English language readers
have the Donegan/Ishibashi translations.
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/simply_haiku/message/21417
Chiyo-Ni is one of my favorite poets, Gabi san, She ranks up there with with her contemporary, Basho.
And Gabi, it's refreshing to have you translate this haiku.
There are some who translate Basho's haiku using Japanese English dictionaries, therefore,
butchering Basho's haiku. Translating poetry from centuries ago is a true art form and more.
Robert D. Wilson
Woo~ Gabi san,
This is terrible haiku.
I felt as I became the sweet fish who is afraid of approaching death.
Thank you for sharing.
sakuo.
One Haiku About the Moon
by Robin D. Gill
uramachi no ibiki akarushi kyo no tsuki —Chiyo
back streets' snoring
and today's full moon
bright, bright
Snores as bright
as the backstreets tonight:
What a moon!
In poor-town
they snore so cheerfully:
Tonight, the full moon.
In moonlight
how peaceful the snores
of poor folk
The full moon:
Tonight one can almost
see the snoring
This moonlight:
Even the snores of the poor
please the ear!
No matter how this poem is translated .....
tsuki tenshin mazushiki machi o toorikeri
—Buson (d.1783)
the full moon
overhead, i pass through
a poor town.
MORE in Simply Haiku 2005
http://www.simplyhaiku.com/SHv3n3/inContext/inContext_v3n3.html
.
fragrance of bindweed
on my palms the whole night –
thinking of Chiyo-jo
Djurdja Vukelic-Rozic
Looking at the moon
now I can fare well this world -
God be with ye
Thanks for this!
I'll return to the site.
I just posted something on Chiyo-ni myself, based only on Jane Reichold's site and reviews of Donegan's book. I'll revise it with a few details from here.
http://krisl.hubpages.com/hub/Classic-Haiku-Chiyo-ni
It doesn't add much new material, but I think it puts things together in a new way.
渋かろか 知らねど柿の 初ちぎり
shibukaro ka shiranedo kaki no hatsu chigiri
are they bitter?
I do not know, but - well,
the first take of a persimmon
Discussion :
Yosa Buson
月天心貧しき町を通りけり
tsuki tenshin mazushiki machi o toorikeri
Buson and his moon haiku
HAIKU POETRY OF CHIYO-NI
Fukuda Chiyo-ni (Kaga no Chiyo) (福田 千代尼)
NTRODUCTION
"Kaga no Chiyo, considered one of the foremost women haiku poets, began writing at the age of seven. She studied under two haiku masters who had themselves apprenticed with the great poet, Basho.... In 1755, Chiyo became a Buddhist nun -- not, she said, in order to renounce the world, but as a way 'to teach her heart to be like the clear water which flows night and day.'" (Jane Hirshfield)
In regard to the first poem here, called "Oh, Morning Glory!", Hirshfield quotes D. T. Suzuki:
"The idea is this: One summer morning Chiyo the poetess got up early wishing to draw water from the well...She found the bucket entwined by the blooming morning glory vine. She was so struck...that she forgot all about her business and stood before it thoroughly absorbed in contemplation. The only words she could utter were 'Oh, the morning glory!' At the time, the poetess was not conscious of herself or of the morning glory as standing against [outside] her. Her mind was filled with the flower, the whole world turned into the flower, she was the flower itself...
"The first line, 'Oh morning glory!' does not contain anything intellectual...it is the feeling, pure and simple, and we may interpret it in any way we like. The following two lines, however, determine the nature and depth of what was in the mind of the poetess: when she tells us about going to the neighbor for water we know that she just left the morning glory as she found it...she does not even dare touch the flower, much less pluck it, for in her inmost consciousness there is the feeling that she is perfectly one with reality.
"When beauty is expressed in terms of Buddhism, it is a form of self- enjoyment of the suchness of things. Flowers are flowers, mountains are mountains, I sit here, you stand there, and the world goes on from eternity to eternity, this is the suchness of things."
HAIKU by Kaga no Chiyo
1
The morning glory!
It has taken the well bucket,
I must seek elsewhere for water.
more
https://www.facebook.com/groups/japaneseliterature/1633879590198394/
.
http://earlywomenmasters.net/chiyo/index.html
.
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